Coverage of young adults in 2012 primary elections

2012 PA primary elections- why voters came out and opinions on young adult voters.

The following video is one I composed on April 24, Pennsylvania's primary election day. The majority of people that I interviewed did not vote. Of those I did, they believe that young adult voters are the key to our future.
 

The following two videos are composed of voters outside of polling places.

Coverage of Mitt Romney throughout Several of Today's Primaries

The controversy around the new Voter ID Law in Pa.

Storify: The Pennsylvania Primary Election

PA Primary Yields Low Turnout

The Pennsylvania primary election was expected to have a low turnout, as many articles over the past week have shown.  The results today were consistent with these expectations.  However, the polls still received some action.  Take a look at my Storify story covering the primary election.

Pa. primaries experience low turnout today

Despite a high number of registered voters, a low turnout was expected for the Pennsylvania primary elections today. However, those who did participate at the polls encouraged others to vote as well throughout the day. Here is a Storify story capturing the action at the polls throughout the day:

PA Attorney General Campaign Storify

I created a Storify, focusing on the 2012 campaign and progress of today's election between Kathleen Kane and Patrick Murphy, who are running for Pennsylvania State Attorney General.  This storify is meant to give a neutral perspective of these candidates, creating a balance of social media outputs about each of the candidates from sources such as Google and various news sites, blogs, Twitter, Facebook and YouTube.

The Pennsylvania primary - a low turnout with strong opinions

Although there have been numerous reports of low voter turnout for the Pennsylvania primary election, voters who did come out expressed strong political opinions.  In interviews conducted at St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church in Bethlehem, Pa., voters discussed their political beliefs and the issues facing our country that they see as most important.




Jane Shrigley of Bethlehem, Pa. talks about her frustrations with the growing corporate influence on politics. Shrigley, who supports Obama, wants to see the NDAA repealed and to see Obama follow through on some of the promises he made back during the 2008 presidential election.




Doreen of Bethlehem, Pa., is disenfranchised with the current administration and wants to see change. Doreen explains why she believes in presidential hopeful Mitt Romney, saying that she feels like she can trust him.

The Bethlehem, PA Primary Election through Lehigh Students' Eyes

The following is a video in which I compiled interviews with several Lehigh students, focusing on their opinions on the Pennsylvania primary election on April 24, and the upcoming presidential election, despite the extremely small percent of voters that participated today. This highlights the many issues that students feel are determining voter's selections.




Here are two more brief interviews that I took and uploaded on-site:

Bethlehem Primary Election: Broughal Voters

On Tuesday, April 24, voters went to the polls to cast their votes in the Pennsylvania Primary Election. By 2 p.m. at the Broughal Middle School in Bethlehem, Pa., just 49 voters came out to vote out of the 2,681 registered voters in the city's 1st and 2nd wards--just a 1.8 percent turnout. Ward 1 had 32 out of 1,333 voters come out [by 2 p.m., while Ward 2 had 17 out of 1,348 voters.

Northampton Judge of Elections Rick Messenlehner said, "A lot of people think the top of the ticket has already pretty much been decided, plus there wasn't a referendum to vote on today, so the turnout was a little low."

The below video takes stock of Bethlehem voters' reasons for getting out to the polls today, many saying it was their "civic duty" to do so.

Two quick, on-location videos, below, reveal how two Bethlehem residents feel about the election in general--and why every citizen should vote.

Story by Jess Fromm.

Why did you vote? 2012 Pennsylvania Primaries

Despite the low voter turn out in this years election on April 24, we were able to capture some insight from voters who made the effort to cast their ballot.  Voters came out for various reasons, as you will see discussed in the video I created below.  Many voters said the economy's state played some kind of role in their decision to come out and vote, while others said it was not really a factor.

Jeremy Palmer shares why he voted in 2012 Pennsylvania Primaries

Low Turnout at the Bethlehem Primary Election

The Pennsylvania primary election was held today, and the polls are still open until 8 p.m. While several dedicated voters felt that it was their duty, responsibility, and right to go out and vote today, most registered voters did not feel the same way. The turnout for the primaries was very low.

A video about voters I spoke with out at the polls today:



A video about why so many people aren't voting:

 

Tanya Shantos Voting Perspective - 2012 Pennsylvania Primary Elections

Bethlehem Residents Focus on Major Issues in the Primaries

The primary elections took place today in Bethlehem, and residents from all over the Lehigh Valley came to schools, churches and other polling places to cast their votes.  At the same time, several residents and Lehigh University students left their voices unheard by opting out of the election today.  However, whether they voted or not, most of them still focus on the issues that will be important come November's presidential election.



Here are two other quick interviews from Lehigh University students:

At Bethlehem primaries, local residents demonstrate their duty to vote

On April 24, primary elections in Bethlehem, Pa., took place. Several voters from the First and Second wards felt it was their duty as citizens to participate in the primary elections. However, the turnout for the elections at Broughal Middle School in Bethlehem was fairly low. At 2 p.m., only 49 voters of the 2,681 who registered came out to participate in the primary elections.


"A lot of people think the top of the ticket has already pretty much been decided, plus there wasn't a referendum to vote on today, so the turnout was a little low," said Rick Messenlehner, judge of elections in Northampton County.

Two short interviews with other voters:

Story by Melissa Collins

Tackling Poverty After School

In the Lehigh Valley, as in the nation as a whole, inner-city youth are faced with the challenges of overcrowded schools, crime-ridden streets and limited resources for personal development.

On the national scale, according to the Allentown COMPASS Community School, 21 million Americans cannot read at all, and one-fifth of high school graduates fall into this category. In Allentown and the Lehigh Valley, students face crowded classrooms with little individual attention, and literacy is falling in consequence. The COMPASS Community School’s fact sheet explains that more than one fourth of all third graders—793 students—tested in Bethlehem and Allentown are both economically disadvantaged and not reading at the correct grade level.

Additionally, nearly 45 percent of Allentown youth live in poverty, and in 2005, nearly 600 students in the Allentown School District were homeless for some portion of the school year. In the area’s three urban COMPASS campuses, 40 to 98 percent of the student body (depending on the school as well as other factors) are eligible for the Free and Reduced lunch program. Additionally, five out of ten area COMPASS sites offer students the Back Pack Buddies program, through which students are sent home with back packs filled with food for the weekend.

Photos in video courtesy of Lehigh University CSO

Given these facts, afterschool programs are charged with the task of offering students a safe, fun environment where they can focus on personal and interpersonal growth—a refuge away from the streets. The Lehigh University Community Service Office and the Boys and Girls Club of Allentown are two local organizations looking to empower youth and offer new opportunities for children and teens in the Lehigh Valley. Through educational and recreational programs, both the CSO and BGCA of Allentown  strive to give every child an equal opportunity for success, especially in a climate of widening socioeconomic disparity.

Courtesy of Lehigh University CSO

Josh Leight, a graduate assistant in the CSO, organizes Lehigh’s unit of the federally funded afterschool homework program America Reads/Counts. Lehigh students are encouraged to work or volunteer within the program and join the group of almost one hundred annual tutors.

“Through the Community Service Office we reach out to children in South Bethlehem who are by far and large in poverty in many, many different ways," Leight said. "The biggest way we do that is through our America Reads/Counts program…[it] connects Lehigh tutors to over 100 children and students in South Bethlehem at Fountain Hill Elementary School and Broughal Middle School. I place about one hundred tutors at three different homework clubs.…Our tutors this year alone have provided over 5,000 hours of tutoring to children in South Bethlehem.”

Leight also offered insight into some of the CSO’s other main goals with Lehigh Valley youth.

“Some of our other main focuses…are to provide a safe place for kids to be. Kids living in South Bethlehem don’t have all that many great locations to go to after school, and if we can provide a safe space for them…we definitely take that opportunity to keep them focused on academics and also to get homework help and to meet with Lehigh students who are their neighbors that they might not know very well.”

He continued, “If they can see themselves as going to college, if they link to one individual Lehigh student and say, ‘I want to be like that guy,’ or ‘that girl’ and that involves going to college, we made a huge difference for that one kid.”

Lehigh’s CSO also hosts events like Spooktacular in the fall semester and Spring Fling towards the end of the academic year. Both events bring Bethlehem families onto Lehigh’s campus, where Lehigh students interact with and host activities for members of the Bethlehem community. Leight explained that at every program offered—from America Reads/Counts to events like Spooktacular and Spring Fling—food is always offered to students.

Courtesy of the BGCA of Allentown

In Allentown, the Boys and Girls Clubs of America has a host of locations offering different services to area youth. Nayab Khan is the director of the 6th Street unit, the largest of Allentown’s collection of clubs. The 6th Street club offers students computer labs, a game room, two libraries and an indoor swimming pool. Most importantly, however, the club offers students a safe, productive space where they can grow and develop as individuals and as members of a larger community.

“One of our main goals is making sure that children after school have a safe place, have a positive place,” said Khan. “And our motto for years in the BGCA…is that this is a place where you can be great, and this is where great futures start.”

Mainly an afterschool program, the BGCA of Allentown opens its doors at 3:30 every day, offering programming for children through the age of 11 until 7:15 p.m., as well as special teen hours until 9:30 p.m. Through educational services like tutoring, as well as recreational activities to keep students coming back and off the streets, the BGCA of Allentown aims to give its members—who pay just $15 per year for the club’s services—an equal opportunity that the area’s school and economic environments might not otherwise allow them.

One unique service that the 6th Street branch offers is FYI—Family-Youth Intervention. FYI supervisor John Eisenreich, Jr., explained the program, in which the United Way or county pinpoint certain children who are in particular need of the BGCA’s services.

Through a United Way grant, these students are then given a membership to the BGCA, along with additional attention and support. Transportation, for example, is a hindrance to many students getting to the clubs after school, explained Eisenreich, but through the FYI program, staff workers are able to shuttle students to and from the BGCA, ensuring they are in a safe environment after school.

The Allentown BGCA currently aids two FYI students identified by the United Way or county as in need of the program, and ten others are on the FYI program through a United Way grant that allows the BGCA itself to pinpoint children they feel are in need of extra assistance. The program makes certain that students in high-need situations—those involving domestic issues, for example—are given the attention, guidance and resources they need for an equal opportunity to succeed.

Khan said, “Let’s face it—at the end of the day, would we want our children out on the streets or in a safe space, a positive space?”

Khan is hopeful that the BGCA mission will empower and help youth to make a difference in their communities down the road.

“Overall, I hope long-term it would help the economic cycle and if they’re educated citizens, if they’re global ctizens who are caring members of their community, the hope is long term they will go back and contribute to their societies and their communities,” she said.”

By Jess Fromm and Melissa Collins 

The real "war on women:" the economy

The so-called “war on women” has been at the forefront of the 2012 Presidential race, with both President Obama and presidential hopeful Mitt Romney clamoring to show that the other does not understand the needs of women.

From the Sandra Fluke incident to Hilary Rosen’s comments about Ann Romney’s working record, a fiery national debate has arisen. In a desperate attempt to win the votes of women for the upcoming election, both Democrats and Republicans are quick to announce that they have a strong record on issues related to women for proper health care, higher education, equal pay and other hot topics.

But it stands to remain how women’s pressing needs will in fact be addressed. Women, as Obama declared in an Apr. 6 speech, are not a political special interest group, but rather a driving force in our economy. And this is not just an opinion, but a fact.

A study released in spring 2011 by theAmerican Express Open found that firms that are mostly held by women make up 29 percent of all businesses in the United States, a 50 percent growth from 1997 to 2011. The report also ranked Pa. seventh among all states for the number of women-owned businesses.

Sally Handlon of the Lehigh Valley is one of those women. Handlon opened up Handlon Business Resources 7 years ago as an implementation firm that partners with small business owners and executives to help with logistical and strategic planning.

Handlon’s business has helped numerous small business lift off, with many of those businesses being owned by women.

“The women that I know that are in business are successful and solid,” Handlon said. “Today that’s what we need to be in business.”

Handlon said that it is difficult for women to push forward in the workplace because women are constantly engaged in a balancing act between their home life and work life.

“[W]e’re not only just running the business, but we are [also] running the home. We’re running everything else so there’s only so much time in the day,” Handlon said.

Handlon expressed that women have to multitask much more than men do. Women are able to focus and get the task at hand completed quickly, Handlon said, because they always have so many other competing priorities going on and cannot risk falling behind.

The economic recession has affected small businesses owners regardless of gender, Handlon said.

“We’re all just trying to figure out what to do with this,” Handlon said. “You want to hire staff but you’re not sure you can sustain them. You just can’t count on things you used to be able to count on before,” Handlon reported with a sigh.

The economic recession has permeated many aspects of women’s lives. Diane Zanetti, the Executive Director of Turning Point of the Lehigh Valley, the valley’s women’s domestic violence shelter, noted that the state of the economy has greatly affected women in abusive relationships.

Turning Point did not see how much the economy affected the work that they do until 2010. Zanetti believes that this is because women realized that there was no “light at the end of the tunnel” for the economy, and that these difficult financial times were not going to quickly disappear.

Unhealthy relationships embody many forms of abuse – physical, verbal, faith-based and financial. In times of economic stress, Zanetti said there is an increase in all forms of the aforementioned abuses. There has been a significant increase in women filing for protection from abuse orders, Zanetti said, indicating that physical abuse has escalated during these tough financial times.

When the economy tanked in 2008, women in controlling relationships found themselves increasingly unable to be financially independent from their abusive partners, thus subjecting them to a more dangerous environment.

“The lack of jobs meant now there are no options – now there’s no place to go,” Zanetti said.

“If they (women in abusive relationships) were getting counseling and trying to find a way to leave that relationship, the financial-economic options became more and more limited, meaning ‘I am more and more trapped,’” Zanetti said.

When experiencing financial woes, Zanetti said it is common for abusive partners to force women to take on another job or two in order to increase their household income.

Zanetti saw greater numbers of women calling for shelter and counseling services. Furthermore, because Turning Point only provides housing for 30 days, Zanetti said this economy makes it more difficult and fairly unlikely for women to find housing, proper childcare and a job in such a short period of time. This can cause women to feel as though they have no choice but to return to their abusive partner and return to an unsafe environment.

In this economy, Turning Point has worked to shift their programming toward teaching women about how to become financially and economically self-sufficient. But this is hard to achieve when employers are not hiring and women cannot find their own source of income.

The economy has also affected Turning Point’s ability to provide much-needed services for women in the Valley. In 2011, Turning Point had to close a shelter, leaving them with only one remaining place to house women seeking refuge from an abusive environment.

While politicians and political parties are tearing one another down to gain the votes of women, it is important that they remember that women are not just a vote: they are an important piece of our economy, and they are affected greatly by changes in the economy.  Women need to be understood and represented, not targeted and confused by empty promises and political jargon.

Story by Dayna Geldwert. Video by Mara Kievit.

Unemployment in the Lehigh Valley

Lehigh Valley Entrepreneurship

In the Lehigh Valley, small businesses are the norm.  According to the Lehigh Valley Economic Development Corporation, the average business size in the Lehigh Valley is 18 employees.  This means that the Lehigh Valley has become known as a great place for entrepreneurs to come and put their dreams into action by starting their own businesses, despite the rough economic times.

One of these businesses is Loose Threads Boutique, which opened in May 2009 by co-owners Laura Jasorka and Helene Perucci.  Loose Threads specializes in women’s clothing, shoes and accessories, and the owners hand-pick each item from local designers and fair trade companies.

Jasorka said the main reason why they decided to start their business in the Lehigh Valley was because of Perucci.  Perucci attended Lehigh University and thought there was a need for a boutique in the area.

“We’re both really creative people – I’m in the jewelry design business and she was a manager at many different stores and stuff and was a part of fashion for a long time, so we just thought we’d go for it,” Jasorka said.

She also said they tailor their image and attitude towards the consumers they most often sell to.  “There are a lot of universities,” she said.  “We definitely have a very young and fun look for us here, so that was really what we were going for.”

Jasorka said that there are a ton of areas of the Lehigh Valley that offer great prospects for entrepreneurs.  “I feel like Easton, Allentown, Emmaus, all these different little areas of the Lehigh valley – there’s so many different things going on and people and opportunities for small businesses to thrive as part of the area,” she said.  “The Lehigh valley is a really good hub, I think, for small business owners.”

Jasorka said that not only has Loose Threads been successful, but it’s been growing and adapting to the changing Lehigh Valley market.  “We’ve expanded our business plan into not just catering to that college girl,” she said.  “It’s more now towards anywhere from 18 to 45, which is a huge range, but we kind of try to tackle everybody. We like to shop for women in general.”

Overall, Jasorka is optimistic about the future success of Loose Threads Boutique.  “I don’t think we’re going anywhere, so that’s a good thing in this economy and this time of year,” she said.  “You know, it’s been though for a lot of people and we’ve just been doing better and better.  We think we’ll be around for awhile, and I guess that means we’re successful.”

Another small local business in the Lehigh Valley is Tallarico’s Chocolates, owned by Brian Tallarico. Located at 26 E. Third Street in Bethlehem, this company began by a passion that Brian had to venture into the business of selling chocolates locally.

“Brian has pulled together many of his life experiences for this endeavor. Everything from growing up in family kitchens and living in Tuscany, getting a fine arts degree, and raising three children,” boasts the Tallarico’s Chocolate website.

Tallarico explained in our interview that his business is a seasonal one, and so it is tough in that sense to keep this type of company constantly profitable, since business booms only during several periods a year. Some of these times are Valentine’s Day, Easter and Christmas.

Yet even though his is a seasonal company, he is still optimistic about future entrepreneurs looking to open their own business in the Lehigh Valley. He prides his business on being a very family oriented environment, and feels that Bethlehem caters to exactly that kind of company.

Ultimately, Tallarico thinks that, “Regardless of the economic situation in the Lehigh Valley, people are looking for an affordable luxury. They turn to chocolate for comfort, and to make themselves feel better.” In his opinion, this chocolate business that he began in November 2004 won’t be going anywhere with such a desirable product to offer. 

Women in the LV Economy: Finding Stability

The Golden Living Center, tucked in the Lehigh Valley’s Phillipsburg, N.J., provides senior citizens with warm beds, friendly companionship, medical care and recreational activities. But for 57-year-old Beth Zellers, the facility provides something entirely different: a stable job.

For Zellers, the nation’s economic situation has proved difficult in the recent past. After earning her Bachelor’s degree in Sociology from Glassboro State College (now Rowan University) Beth has devoted her career to aiding the elderly, working at one living facility for 20 years and another for eight, also working as a short-order cook in between those jobs. In August of 2008, Zellers quit her job to move to Cape May, N.J. with her husband Tom.

“My mom had to quit her secure job…to go and take care of my dad because the only job my dad could get was three hours away and he is not able to take care of himself,” said Beth’s 22-year-old son Shawn Zellers.

In the Lehigh Valley and on a national scale, the Zellers’s situation is not an uncommon one. According to the Pennsylvania CareerLink’s Job & Labor Market Outlook, the Lehigh Valley unemployment rate sits at 8.1 percent, and Warren County, N.J. (where Phillipsburg lies) has a slightly higher, 8.8 percent rate.

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the nation’s total unemployment rate dropped from 9.5 percent in February of 2011 to 8.3 percent in February 2012. In 2011, the unemployment rate for men 20 years of age and older rose to an astonishing 10 percent, dropping to 7.7 percent by February of 2012.

While men have been on a more volatile economic rollercoaster, women have certainly struggled in the economy as well. In February of 2011, the national unemployment rate for women over 20 was 7.9 percent, and the rate saw a small drop to 7.7 percent by February of 2012. Today, there is a 55 percent employment to population ratio for women in this age bracket.

The move to Cape May proved difficult for Beth. She explained that in Cape May County, the elderly population is extremely high, and so there are more advertised jobs in her field in the area.

However, she noted, “There are more people in the workforce [there] who are more transient, whereas here [in Phillipsburg], people get the jobs and they hold onto them for a lifetime.”

According to CareerLink’s Outlook, the health care and social assistance sector makes up the largest portion of the region’s job market with 16.8 percent of jobs. The next largest sector sits at 11.5 percent.

       

View The Lehigh Valley in a larger map

After an unsuccessful job hunt in South Jersey, Zellers moved to Oxford, N.J. with Tom, and Beth supported her family by taking sporadic, part-time home care jobs.

According to Shawn, the situation was shaky and involved a lot of moving around for the couple.

“Home care people pass away or people can no longer afford it, and there’s no security that you can get a new person [to help]. There’s no guarantee of hours,” he said.

Beth added, “It’s kind of scary when you move around like that because you don’t know what’s going to be available. I was fortunate to at least find the home care so I could do something working with the elderly.”

Voicing regret at not pursuing her Master’s degree, Beth is slightly constrained in her options and is not able to look for work within a hospital.

“At times I have thought that I’m stuck [in this field], but I like it….There’s times when I think I should try something else but I am comfortable doing what I’m doing,” she said.

In October of 2011, Zellers found work as the Director of Social Services at the Golden Living Center, and her family has been living in the Lehigh Valley since that time. The job, she says, offers a stable paycheck, but she still sees it necessary to supplement her salary there.

“I think mainly I’m making the same salary that I made five years ago when I left the one facility that I worked at,” she said. “Basically, though, I’ve been told that they don’t know when they’re going to be able to do any raises, and I am salaried at my full-time job but I put in a lot of hours and there’s no compensation for that.”
       

Beth will soon begin working part-time to add to her salary, visiting an elderly woman for six hours on the weekends to keep her company and give her medical aid.

“When you work for a large corporation, you always have the fear that they have the ability to replace you, because they have the ability to search anywhere for someone,” she said.

However, Beth is confident that Golden Living is looking for people who will stay with the company and continue to grow and learn.

Shawn said, “I think she will stay there for a while, if she doesn’t the bills will not get paid. My dad doesn’t have a job at the moment."

Beth hopes that’s the case, too.

“I hope it works out, I don’t like changing jobs. And the other thing is, with the job market out there right now, if I can hold on to what I have, I want to….I like stability,” she said.

Video by Melissa Collins, ‘13. Story by Jess Fromm, ‘12.

CACLV executive director discusses unemployment in LV

Alan Jennings, executive director of the Community Action Committee of the Lehigh Valley (CACLV), said the Lehigh Valley’s unemployment rate is higher than the state and national average unemployment rates.

Jennings has worked at CACLV since 1980, and he said he has seen four recessions within that time period. Jennings said this is the longest recession he has seen while working at CACLV, and though it is not the worst in terms of unemployment, the long sustained period with high unemployment has caused many people to fall out.

“Whatever savings they had is gone, whatever coping mechanism they might have had is wiped out and they are getting to the point where they are losing their homes in huge numbers,” Jennings said. 

Jennings said there has not been much of an upswing in the Lehigh Valley since the recession has begun, with the exception of the opening of Sands Casino. Jennings said that though the casino hires employees within the Lehigh Valley, many of the jobs do not offer wages that provide the ability to sustain a family.

“The Lehigh Valley continues to be challenged,” he said.

Before the recession, Jennings said the Lehigh Valley was fastest growing location in Pennsylvania and the fourth fastest growing location in the northeastern United States. Jennings said this growth was greatly contributed to the location of the Lehigh Valley, and its great proximity to major cities such as Philadelphia and New York.

Jennings said the recession is playing a large part in the lack of employment that exists within the Lehigh Valley currently. The most detrimental aspect of this recession is the foreclosure crisis that is currently affecting so many within the area, along with other parts of the US.

“People don’t have jobs, they don’t have income, they can’t keep up with the maintenance on their house, they can’t keep up with the payments on their house, it depresses the economy further,” Jennings said.

Jennings said as long as the foreclosure crisis remains so significant, economic growth will be stifled. Without equity within homes, people cannot start their own businesses, they cannot buy new homes and access to economic opportunity is severely limited.

“The old promise that if you work your tail off, you get a degree and you keep your nose to the grindstones because this is America after all, the land of opportunity doesn’t apply anymore,” Jennings said.

Jennings said CACLV runs 20 weeks of seminars four times a year for residents of Bethlehem and Allentown. He said in the past few years, they have seen a better quality of candidates interested in beginning new small businesses, but the economy has often prevented the qualified entrepreneurs from succeeding.

CACLV offers lending to people banks find to be ineligible, including start up companies. Jennings said they have helped create a good number of jobs as a result of this program. Jennings said people who have become victims of unemployment due to the economy’s state are not always eligible for help from agencies such as CACLV.  He said the government sets the eligibility criteria, and though some people cannot afford to pay their bills, CACLV cannot offer them the aid they need because the criteria is so low.

Currently, the unemployment rate in the Lehigh Valley is 8.1 percent, as reported by The Express-Times Tuesday.  which is a decrease since December when it was 8.4 percent.


 


Video by Dayna Geldwert, '12. Story by Mara Kievit, '13.

SoBeCoWorks- Entrepreneurship in the Lehigh Valley

There are over 27 million individual small businesses in the United States. Within the first five years, roughly 50% of these businesses fail. Between lack of planning, bad choice in location and a limited amount of capital to spend; businesses fail for many reasons.

Santiago Rivera is now tackling all of these issues when planning to open his own co-working business.

Co-working is an up-and-coming idea that embraces individuals’ ideas and provides the space and creativity to morph these separate ideas together.  A relatively newer concept, co-working is a growing movement of independent collaboration spaces for freelance professionals.

Santiago Rivera has fully embraced the idea of co-working and is working on opening Bethlehem’s first co-working space on 4^th Street, SoBeCoWorks.

“Meeting up with others that are into the same ideas that you are is just rejuvenating, you just feel better about what you’re doing,” said Rivera.

Rivera has decided to open SoBeCoWorks in the 800 block of 4^th Street to help benefit and restore the sense of community in the 4Blocks area of the south side of Bethlehem.

“I want to make the neighborhood where I live and do business in better, it’s that basic.”

Along with benefiting creative entrepreneurs at SoBeCoWorks, Rivera intends to benefit surrounding small businesses within the 4Blocks International Neighborhood area.

“Co-working tends to be very community. As I bring those entrepreneurs into 4Blocks… you have more feet on the street, more buyers and those buyers will frequent these local shops; it reinforces the walk-able community,” Rivera said.

According to Rivera, SoBeCoWorks is economic development at the community level.

Rivera said he and his wife decided to embrace entrepreneurship in 2002 and have been financially independent ever since.

“The new technology economy allows people to break the chain of the industrial revolution… I don’t have to punch a clock. I can live my life how I want to.”

Because of his interest in small businesses, his community in Bethlehem and his love of entrepreneurship, Rivera decided to take a Community Action 16 week course on starting your own business in Bethlehem.

“(The course) takes people off the street and gives them the tools to become entrepreneurs.”

Because of his inspiration from the course, Rivera decided to pursue SoBeCoWorks and help fellow entrepreneurs.

According to Rivera, he is the first business owner in his family and his happy to be breaking the mold of the 9am-5pm jobs.

“A lot of the thinking that industrialization and education created have you thinking of punching the clock in the morning and the afternoon, go home, that’s all you need to think about… I had to seek out other entrepreneurs to be able to say ‘Hey lets match up thoughts, lets math up ideas to see what makes sense and what doesn’t make sense.’”

Rivera completed his associate’s degree but because he started a family, did not continue with school. After September 11^th, Rivera was laid off and unemployed before becoming financially independent.

According to Rivera, owning his own business is rewarding but is his entire life. Rivera says it’s a lifestyle choice and a second love.

SoBeCoWorks was scheduled to celebrate its ribbon-cutting ceremony on April 16^th. Because of difficulties with zoning permits, Rivera had to delay the opening but is hoping to open the business sometime in later April.

SoBeCoWorks’ is designed to assist and further other people’s creative ideas. Rivera is excited to enlighten others with the troubles he’s had as a business owner and to collaborate ideas.

“We all work together to bring each other up. How can we help you?”

Organizations Combating Poverty in the Lehigh Valley

Poverty is a serious problem running through the Lehigh Valley.  While the Valley offers a great array of restaurants, shops and services, many of its residents are unable to take advantage of them as a result of their economic disadvantages.

Nearly one in five children in the Lehigh Valley are living in poverty.  In Allentown, two in five children are living in poverty.  That’s 43.8% - an extremely high rate.

According to The United Way, a non-profit organization consisting of volunteers and contributors that serve their communities, 27% of all third graders tested in the Lehigh Valley are both economically disadvantaged and have reading capabilities below their grade level.  The same was found for 31% of all seventh graders and 31% of all eleventh graders in the Lehigh Valley.  Similarly, of all Hispanic seventh graders who were tested, 50% of them were not reading at their grade level.

In 2005, nearly 600 students in the Allentown School District were homeless for some portion of the year.

Clearly, a great amount of Lehigh Valley residents have been affected by poverty in some way.  However, there are several organizations that are making great strides towards improving the lives of these people.

One of these organizations is the United Way.  Mark Margherita, the outreach coordinator for the community schools of the Bethlehem school district, acknowledges that poverty is a serious issue in the area.

“The poverty situation in the Lehigh Valley is actually a lot more serious than a lot of times a lot of people think,” he said. “Broughal Middle School, which is right here next to Lehigh’s Campus, has about 90% of the students on free and reduced lunch.”

Margherita explains that reduced lunch at schools is a prime indicator that families are living at or below the poverty line.

He also says that many of the Lehigh Valley’s food pantries and homeless shelters are reaching capacity without being able to serve all the residents that are in need.

As a result, the United Way has created a system to try to combat these issues.

“We focus on three main objectives that we have for the Lehigh Valley,” Margherita said.  “The first of those is older adults being as independent as possible.  The second area we focus on is youth graduating from high school.  The third area that we focus on is Lehigh Valley residents having access to their basic needs.”

Another group working towards improving poverty levels in the Lehigh Valley is Reading Rocks. As a coordinator for the program this year, Lehigh University Senior, Allie Einsidler believes that this program provides students in the local Bethlehem area an opportunity to improve reading levels that are currently much below average.

“Some students in the reading program can be as old as 13, because their reading levels are so behind,” said Einsidler. “It also does so in a way that they can be mentored by Lehigh students, since they look up to them.”

One of the moments that Einsidler recalled during mentoring for Reading Rocks was being told, “’If the kids start opening up about personal things at home, of a bad nature, just sit there and nod.’ This was an eye opener to me, because I have never really been forced to look beyond my own personal situations.”

Unfortunately, this poor reading level is a huge determinant of where students will end up in five to ten years, and lack of quality education is a factor in the poverty level in the Lehigh Valley.

Yet, both Margherita and Einsidler seem to be optimistic about the progression of the Lehigh Valley’s economic status in the past few years. Residents have been recently able to lower the unemployment level, education has seemed to improve with the help of programs like Reading Rocks, and motivation to rise above the poverty level is prevalent among a majority of Bethlehem citizens. 

Poverty in the Lehigh Valley -- New Bethany Ministries

In the Lehigh Valley, 15% of individuals live below the poverty line. New Bethany Ministries, located at 339 W. 4th Street in Bethlehem, feeds over 150 of these people each day in its meal center and provides groceries for over 300 families each month.

New Bethany Ministries celebrated its 25th year of servicing the community this past July. Their website will tell you that their mission is "to provide care, services and facilities to the homeless, the hungry, the mentally ill and the poor with a level of quality that exceeds that of secular agencies."  The volunteers and members will all tell you that New Bethany Ministries fulfills that mission and much more.

The main building houses the family shelter, the food pantry, single rooms, administrative offices, and the Mollard Hospitality Center (a drop-in center offering day shelter, socialization, showers, clothing vouchers, telephone access, mailing services, hot meals, and 12-step support groups to homeless individuals). The Mollard Hospitality Center is open Monday through Friday from 8 a.m. until 4 p.m. Breakfast is served from 8 a.m. - 10:30 a.m. every day, and lunch is served weekdays from 12 p.m. - 1 p.m.

Fiona Byrne, the Assistant Director at the Hospitality Center, said that despite the influx of people in need since the economic recession, only 15 people work at New Bethany Ministries. However, they are very lucky to have such a large group of volunteers: in 2011 alone, New Bethany had 778 volunteers for a total of 13,670 volunteer hours.

New Bethany Ministries is also the only provider of transitional housing for families in Northampton County. Families that have seen drastic financial struggles (such as losing a job suddenly) can live in transitional housing from 6 months to 1 year.

John Retliford has been volunteering at New Bethany Ministries for 12 years and lives in the Rooney Building on the South Side for 1/3 of the typical rent price. He enjoys volunteering because it gives him something to do and helps him to meet new and interesting people.

When asked what he would do if he won the lottery, Retliford said, "I would give it away mostly. I couldn't use all that money. Rich people -- they're not happy. They might think they are because they have money, but money is the root of all evil."

Despite the struggles many of the people at New Bethany Ministries face, they all have very positive attitudes and are thankful for the services they are provided with.

Zoraiva Muniz has been going with her husband to New Bethany Ministries for about 8 months. She had a stroke two years ago that left her blind and paralyzed on the left side of her body.

Muniz and her husband have had financial difficulties since her stroke because she can't work."So I live off Social Security and Welfare, Medicaid," Muniz said. "My husband doesn't get paid for taking care of me. He's supposed to but he doesn't."

Economically, Muniz and Retliford both say that they wouldn't categorize themselves as really poor. They both think they are at a mid-level across the nation.

To sum up, Muniz said, "This is a beautiful place, it's a blessing. This place, it's God. God will bless us."

Women in the Lehigh Valley Economy

For much of our country’s history, women have been seen as inferior to men.  The men were seen as the breadwinners of their families, while the women were left to care for their children and tend to the house.

However, it is obvious that times have changed.  Women have risen to the status of men in the business world, and their power continues to grow.  The women of the Lehigh Valley exemplify this.

When examining the Bethlehem area, it is clear there are a large number of businesses operated and managed by women.  Since 2007, at least eight new businesses have been opened by women in the area.  These businesses include Loose Threads Boutique, Shuze, and Hello Burrito.

Women have a ton of opportunities to find work in the Lehigh Valley.  Tiffany, an employee at Apotheca Salon and Boutique on Third Street, agrees.

“It wasn’t that hard for me to find employment in the Lehigh Valley,” she said.  “I feel like hair and cosmetology is something that always has an opening position.”

However, she does not deny that there may be a bit more opportunities for men in other areas.  “I feel like maybe in other industries men get paid more.”

Nevertheless, Tiffany does not witness any discrimination towards women or men in Apotheca.  “We have male employees and we interview males,” she said.  “Here, there’s no discrimination against anybody.”

Though she does acknowledge some inequality in the workforce, Tiffany also feels like motivation and effort, not gender, is what really allows people to succeed. “If you can’t get a job I think it’s pretty much because you’re not trying hard enough,” she said.

Just down the street is another female entrepreneur at Cleo’s Silversmith Studio.  Chelsea, a resident of the Lehigh Valley, inherited the business from her mother. 

Chelsea definitely recognizes inequality in the workforce between men and women.  “I think it’s harder for women everywhere,” she said.  “I know more men who I graduated high school with that have jobs now than women even though both have degrees.”

There is an organization called Office of Minority and Women-Owned Businesses (OMWOB) located in the Lehigh Valley that helps support women and minorities with employment in the area. This group strives to do things such as help with business planning, and promote and support entrepreneurship companies started by females and minority community members.

Statistics for Bethlehem, PA show that the most common industries that Bethlehem females work in are Health Care at 18%, Educational Services at 17%, and Accommodation and Food Services at 8%. The most common occupations for Bethlehem women are Office and Administrative Support Workers at 7%, Secretaries and Administrative Assistants at 6%, and Teachers and Cleaning/Maintenance at 4%.

According to the census taken in 2010, Bethlehem had 74,982 residents. Of those residents, 12.8% of households had a female householder with no husband present. There were also 100 females per every 91.5 males in Bethlehem.

It is a stereotype nationwide that men are more likely to receive job offers than women, and when they are employed men are categorized as receiving more money as a salary then women. From talking to several women in the Bethlehem area, we have gathered that they are more optimistic about employment opportunities locally compared to the national stereotype. Yet, they also have their doubts due to their individual experiences, which means that this opinion could differ depending on who you ask individually.

Tiffany from Apotheca Salon and Spa had a personal opinion on the topic of female stereotypes in the workplace, because she is in the cosmetology field. She feels that there are always opportunities for employment in this area, because you need a specific skill in order to have the position, which is also typically female-dominated.

Chelsea from Cleo’s Silversmith Studio also had a unique situation in terms of her view of stereotypes for hiring in the area. Since she was hired by her mother, who started the company, she naturally didn’t have trouble finding employment. Yet, she touched more on the specific issue of men who come into the store to shop. These customers are sometimes snooty and feel that a young girl’s opinion is not any better than their own, or that it is valued less than if the advice came from a male employee. Under these circumstances internally in a company, Chelsea admitted that she definitely sees a divide between males and females in the workplace.

Lehigh University Career Services Battles Unemployment Rates

While the national economy and unemployment rate are still struggling, the Lehigh Valley has seen some improvement in recent months. Despite having its lowest unemployment rate of 8.1 percent in the past three years, many residents remain searching for jobs and resources to help them find employment.

Lehigh University’s Career Services provides many resources to provide aid to its students and alumni who have been negatively affected by the struggling economy. Although the services are only available to members of the Lehigh community, they do in fact help the local economy by placing qualified workers in job within the area. According to the office's Undergraduate Placement Summary, 24 percent of job placement by the Career Services happens in Pennsylvania. So, its effects are potentially helping the Lehigh Valley’s economy in a more indirect manner.

Donna Goldfeder, director of Career Services, said the resources she and other representatives provide have had an impact on helping recent graduates gain employment for after graduation. Even in the worse economic times, Goldfeder said the students were still finding jobs.

“In the first years, 2008, 2009, somewhat even 2010, I think what we were really seeing is the students were still getting the jobs almost that same percentages as always, but they didn’t have so many choices,” she said.

Goldfeder described that in 2006, a student could have received five or six job offers, but by 2008, students were glad to have a single employment option lined up. The first class to start having more options following graduation was the class of 2011, and future classes will start to see more as well.

The fact that graduates are seeking out entry-level jobs has also alleviated some of the job search woes of the ongoing economic downturn, Goldfeder said. Those positions become available much sooner than more advanced levels, which helps recent graduates who aren’t seeking higher positions within a company like their older, more experienced competition.

Among the center’s various resume, mock interview and job seeking services, one program stands out as having helped the largest percentage of students. LUCIE, an online database where Lehigh students can login to see current career listings, is how 59 percent of graduates found their jobs. Goldfeder also noted that most of the 13 percent of students who earned employment following an internship or co-op probably found those opportunities through LUCIE. The database post hundreds of available employment positions each month, and it is Career Services’ leading tool to helping students have success in their job search.

The statistics show popularity for LUCIE and other online resources, which is mirrored by the students’ feelings about them.

Kathleen Ryan, a junior finance and economics major, has found both LUCIE and the Career Services office helpful in searching for possible job opportunities.

 “I find that the online services [and] LUCIE are really helpful because it’s easy to navigate, and you can upload your resume and cover letters right on the website,” she said.

Ben Hulac, a junior political science and journalism major, said he sees advantages to having a resource like LUCIE.

“It’s pretty helpful to see what’s out there,” he said. “[…] but it’s frustrating that opportunities aren’t close to campus.”

Hulac described that many of the internship and employment opportunities that are listed online are for jobs in locations like major cities. New York City and Washington, D.C., stand out as having the most job opportunities for jobs he's looking for.

Goldfeder agreed that many job prospects are looking to place employees in the major cities, but she has seen many graduates move back to the Lehigh Valley, or neighboring areas, after having been employed for a while in a different location. 

Also, the campus climate seems to relate that certain sectors, such as business and engineering, seem to offer more job possibilities on LUCIE.

“It’s just hard to deny that business and engineering majors and students have some sort of leg up [on the competition],” Hulac said.

In reference to the two percent of graduates who have to continue their job search following graduation, Goldfeder said Career Services continues to offer support to help those people get placed in appropriate companies.

“There are just certain majors that the types of employers don’t know as much in advance how many people they’re going to have to hire. A lawyer’s office, a hospital, a museum will hire just in time. And students who want to work for those types of employers might find themselves still seeking after graduation,” she said. “And we’ve always the LUCIE account to those students.”

While Goldfeder advocates the use of the resources Career Services has to offer, she has one other piece of advice for students and alumni: “You’re going to hear everywhere that the key to doing a successful job search at any level is networking. Lehigh alums are just amazing, and any and every student, and alum, should take advantage of that network and use it to get advice and leads.”

Story by Melissa Collins, '13

Entrepreneurs in Bethlehem, Pa.

Amid the large chain stores in the Lehigh Valley there are countless small businesses owned by passionate entrepreneurs working to make their business thrive in an America that seems to favor large corporations.

Starting and building your own business is no small feat.  Just ask Kathy Graybill, owner of Spa Soleil on E 3^rd St in Bethlehem. It took Graybill approximately a year and a half to open her luxury spa, which offers nail, hair and massage services.

“It is not a woman’s world out there,” Graybill said as she pushed back a perfectly highlighted chunk of blond hair.

“I had a lot of contracting situations that had happened that – they took my money and they ran,” Graybill said. “It was a rough ride [to open my business], but it was all worth it in the end.”

Graybill opened Spa Soleil in 2003 with her daughter. Recognizing a need for a day spa on the South Side of Bethlehem, Graybill has successfully marketed her spa’s services to Lehigh University students and staff, as well as other members of the greater Lehigh Valley community.

Spa Soleil managed to stay afloat during these hard economic times. Many small businesses felt the blow of the faltering economy and were forced out of business, but Graybill’s spa continued to turn a profit. She believes this is largely due to Spa Soleil’s expansion into hair services. Sands Casino, only minutes away from the spa, has also brought in more patrons.

In fact, Graybill thinks her business is even more crucial given these tough economic times.

“The whole point of having a day spa is because I care about people, and it’s all about making people feel good, especially in this economy,” Graybill said as she wiggled her pink pedicured toes. Owning a spa means your job is to make people feel relaxed and happy, Graybill said.

“And [to make] them look prettier!” Graybill said. “And younger… and younger and younger!” she adds with a laugh.

Being a strong entrepreneur does not come easily.  Loraylie Aguilar, manager of the newly opened Sweet G’s on E 4^th St. in Bethlehem, said being successful requires patience and kindness.

"You need to be good with people. You always have to be nice. You always have to be aware of what people want,” Aguilar said, whose store, which specializes in perfumes and electronics, opened Feb. 1.

Aguilar admittedly struggles with this side of entrepreneurship. As a mother of three, Aguilar is used to respect and order. But being a mother has greatly helped Aguilar run Sweet G’s seamlessly.

“I run the store like I’m running my house: on a schedule. Everything has to be a certain way and everything needs to be done a certain way,” Aguilar said.

Juggling motherhood and her business is difficult, but her children – ages 18, 13, and 5 – all help out around the house when she’s working.

As the boss of her home, Aguilar enjoys being the boss at work, too. Her favorite thing is “not answering to no one” and being able to make her own choices and decisions.

Aguilar always wanted to be an entrepreneur. She originally hoped to open a bakery, but going through the US Department of Health and Human Services seemed too daunting of a task. As Aguilar assessed her other options, she recognized a need for a store in Bethlehem that provided lower priced electronic accessories and goods.

Aguilar prices her products by thinking of her own personal price range and whether she could afford something in the store.

“If I can’t afford to buy something here, no one else can,” Aguilar said as she fixed her oversized t-shirt with her business’s name on it. This mentality has shaped the pricing model for Sweet G’s, even if the store only makes a few dollars in profit off of a single sale.

It is inevitable that all entrepreneurs will face challenges as they operate their small business, but one of the most important things is to stick with it, said Graybill.

“Stick with it even when you’re down,” Graybill said, who also noted that she has had many moments in which she has felt defeated.

When asked what else is needed in order to be a successful small business owner, Graybill’s voice softened.

“[Go] after what you really want – not what people tell you [you want]. You really have to have it in the gut and in the heart,” Graybill said with a small smile.

“Hang in there.”

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